Metalyse 25 mg (tenecteplase) and Actilyse® (alteplase) have comparable contraindications, and special warnings and precautions for use1,2
Metalyse 25 mg is a genetically modified version of Actilyse. As such, the safety characteristics are similar for both treatments. See below to compare the contraindications, special warnings and precautions for use for both Metalyse 25 mg and Actilyse, and to view the adverse event profile for Metalyse 25 mg.1,2
Thrombolytic treatment requires adequate monitoring. Metalyse 25 mg should only be used with the involvement and follow-up of physicians trained and experienced in neurovascular care and the use of thrombolytic treatments, with the facilities to monitor that use.1
Metalyse 25 mg and Actilyse: contraindications for use
Please see the table below for a full list of contraindications of Actilyse and Metalyse 25 mg.
| Actilyse2 | Metalyse 25 mg1 |
| Hypersensitivity to alteplase, arginine, phosphoric acid, or polysorbate 80 | Hypersensitivity to tenecteplase, arginine, concentrated phosphoric acid (E 338), polysorbate 20 (E 432), or to gentamicin (a trace residue from the manufacturing process) |
| Actilyse is contraindicated in cases where there is a high risk of haemorrhage such as: | Metalyse 25 mg is contraindicated in situations associated with a higher risk of bleeding, including: |
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| Actilyse is contraindicated for the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke in children and adolescents under 16 years of age | Metalyse 25 mg is not recommended for use in children below 18 years of age (see warnings below) |
* The use of Actilyse may be considered when dosing or time since the last intake of anticoagulant treatment makes residual efficacy unlikely confirmed by appropriate test(s) of anticoagulant activity for the product(s) concerned showing no clinically relevant activity on the coagulation system.2
† The use of Metalyse 25 mg may be considered when appropriate test(s) show no clinically relevant activity on the coagulation system.1
Metalyse 25 mg and Actilyse: special warnings and precautions for use
Please see the table below for a full list of special warnings and precautions for use for each treatment, as detailed in their respective Summary of Product Characteristics.1,2
| Actilyse2 | Metalyse 25 mg1 |
Traceability | |
| In order to improve the traceability of biological medicinal products, the name and batch number of the administered product should be clearly recorded | In order to improve the traceability of biological medicinal products, the trade name and batch number of the administered product should be clearly recorded |
Thrombolytic/fibrinolytic treatment requires adequate monitoring. Actilyse should only be used under the responsibility and follow-up of physicians trained and experienced in the use of neurovascular care and in the use of thrombolytic treatments and with the facilities to monitor that use It is recommended that when Actilyse is administered standard resuscitation equipment and pharmacotherapy is available in all circumstances | Thrombolytic treatment requires adequate monitoring. Treatment must be performed under the responsibility and follow-up of physicians trained and experienced in neurovascular care and the use of thrombolytic treatments, with the facilities to monitor that use |
| For the verification of treatment indication remote diagnostic measures may be considered as appropriate | For the verification of treatment indication remote diagnostic measures may be considered as appropriate |
| The appropriate pack size of Actilyse product should be chosen carefully and in accordance with the intended use. The 2 mg vial of Actilyse is not indicated for use in acute ischaemic stroke (due to risk of massive under-dosing). Only 10 mg, 20 mg or 50 mg vials are indicated for use in acute ischaemic stroke | The appropriate presentation of Metalyse product should be chosen carefully and in line with the indication. The 50 mg vial of Metalyse is not intended for use in acute ischaemic stroke. The 25 mg presentation of Metalyse is only intended for use in acute ischaemic stroke |
Haemorrhages/Bleeding | |
| The most common complication encountered during Actilyse therapy is bleeding. The concomitant use of other active substances affecting coagulation or platelet function may contribute to bleeding | The most common complication encountered during Metalyse 25 mg therapy is bleeding. The concomitant use of other active substances affecting coagulation or platelet function (e.g. heparin) may contribute to bleeding |
| As fibrin is lysed during Actilyse therapy, bleeding from recent puncture sites may occur. Therefore, thrombolytic therapy requires careful attention to all possible bleeding sites (including those following catheter insertion, arterial and venous puncture cutdown and needle puncture) | As fibrin is lysed during Metalyse 25 mg therapy, bleeding from recent puncture site may occur. Therefore, thrombolytic therapy requires careful attention to all possible bleeding sites (including catheter insertion sites, arterial and venous puncture sites, cutdown sites and needle puncture sites) |
| The use of rigid catheters, intramuscular injections and non-essential handling of the patient should be avoided during treatment with Actilyse | The use of rigid catheters as well as intramuscular injections and non-essential handling of the patient should be avoided during treatment with Metalyse 25 mg |
| If a potentially dangerous haemorrhage occurs, in particular cerebral haemorrhage, the fibrinolytic therapy must be discontinued, and concomitant heparin administration should be terminated immediately. In general, however, it is not necessary to replace the coagulation factors because of the short half-life and the minimal effect on the systemic coagulation factors. Most patients who have bleeding can be managed by interruption of thrombolytic and anticoagulant therapy, volume replacement, and manual pressure applied to an incompetent vessel | Should serious bleeding occur, in particular cerebral haemorrhage, concomitant heparin administration should be terminated immediately |
| Protamine should be considered if heparin has been administered within 4 hours of the onset of bleeding. In the few patients who fail to respond to these conservative measures, judicious use of transfusion products may be indicated. Transfusion of cryoprecipitate, fresh frozen plasma, and platelets should be considered with clinical and laboratory reassessment after each administration. A target fibrinogen level of 1 g/l is desirable with cryoprecipitate infusion. Antifibrinolytic agents are available as a last alternative | Administration of protamine should be considered if heparin has been administered within 4 hours before the onset of bleeding. In the few patients who fail to respond to these conservative measures, judicious use of transfusion products may be indicated. Transfusion of cryoprecipitate, fresh frozen plasma, and platelets should be considered with clinical and laboratory reassessment after each administration. A target fibrinogen level of 1 g/l is desirable with cryoprecipitate infusion. Antifibrinolytic agents are available as a last alternative |
| The risk of intracranial haemorrhage is increased in elderly patients, therefore in these patients the risk/benefit evaluation should be carried out carefully | Metalyse should be administered with caution in the elderly (> 80 years) due to a higher bleeding risk |
| As with all thrombolytic agents, the expected therapeutic benefit should be weighed up particularly carefully against the possible risk, especially in patients with: | In the following conditions, the risk of Metalyse 25 mg therapy may be increased and should be weighed against the anticipated benefits: |
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| lntracerebral haemorrhage represents the major adverse reaction in the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke (up to 15% of patients without any increase of overall mortality and without any relevant increase in overall mortality and severe disability combined, i.e. modified Rankin scale [mRS] score of 5 and 6) | Intracerebral haemorrhage represents the major adverse reaction in the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke (up to 19% of patients without any increase of overall morbidity or mortality) |
| Patients with acute ischaemic stroke treated with Actilyse have a markedly increased risk of intracranial haemorrhage as the bleeding occurs predominantly into the infarcted area. This applies in the following cases: | Risk of intracranial haemorrhage in patients with acute ischaemic stroke may be increased with the use of Metalyse 25 mg.
This applies in particular in the following cases: |
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Treatment must not be initiated later than 4.5 hours after the onset of symptoms because of unfavourable benefit/risk ratio mainly based on the following:
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Thrombo-embolism | |
| The use of Metalyse can increase the risk of thrombo-embolic events in patients with existing thrombi, e.g. left heart thrombus (mitral stenosis or atrial fibrillation, etc). |
Blood pressure monitoring | |
| BP monitoring during treatment administration and up to 24 hours seems justified; an intravenous antihypertensive therapy is also recommended if systolic BP >180 mm Hg or diastolic BP >105 mm Hg | BP monitoring during the first 24 hours after Metalyse 25 mg treatment is necessary; intravenous antihypertensive therapy is recommended if systolic BP >180 mm Hg or diastolic BP >105 mm Hg |
Special groups at reduced benefit/risk | |
The therapeutic benefit is reduced in patients that had a prior stroke or in those with known uncontrolled diabetes, thus the benefit/risk ratio is considered less favourable, but still positive in these patients | The benefit/risk ratio of Metalyse 25 mg administration should be thoroughly considered in AIS patients with the following conditions:
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| In stroke patients the likelihood of good outcomes decreases with longer time to treatment from onset of symptoms, increasing age, increasing stroke severity and increased levels of blood glucose on admission while the likelihood of severe disability and death or symptomatic intracranial bleedings increases, independently from treatment | In stroke patients the likelihood of a favourable outcome decreases with longer time from onset of symptoms to thrombolytic treatment, increasing age, increasing stroke severity and increased levels of blood glucose on admission while the likelihood of severe disability and death or symptomatic intracranial bleeding increases, independently of treatment |
Drugs affecting coagulation/platelet function | |
| Due to an increased haemorrhagic risk, treatment with platelet aggregation inhibitors should not be initiated within the first 24 hours following thrombolysis with Actilyse | Not included in the special warnings section in the summary of product characteristics but in section 4.5, interactions with other medicinal products Medicinal products that affect coagulation or those that alter platelet function may increase the risk of bleeding (when administered prior to, during or after tenecteplase therapy). These products should be avoided in the first 24 hours after Metalyse treatment for acute ischaemic stroke. Please refer to the summary of product characteristics for further information regarding to pre-treatment with these substances. Not an exhaustive list of interactions with other medicinal products. |
Cerebral oedema | |
| Reperfusion of the ischaemic area may induce cerebral oedema in the infarcted zone | Reperfusion of the ischaemic area may induce cerebral oedema in the infarcted zone |
Hypersensitivity/re-administration | |
| Immune-mediated hypersensitivity reactions associated with the administration of Actilyse can be caused by the active substance alteplase or any of the excipients | Immune-mediated hypersensitivity reactions associated with the administration of Metalyse 25 mg can be caused by the active substance tenecteplase, gentamicin (a trace residue from the manufacturing process) or any of the excipients |
No sustained antibody formation to the recombinant human tissue-type plasminogen activator molecule has been observed after treatment. There is no systematic experience with re-administration of Actilyse There is also a risk of hypersensitivity reactions mediated through a non-immunological mechanism | No sustained antibody formation to the tenecteplase molecule has been observed after treatment. However, there is no systematic experience with re-administration of Metalyse 25 mg. There is also a risk of hypersensitivity reactions mediated through a non-immunological mechanism |
Angio-oedema represents the most common hypersensitivity reaction reported with Actilyse. This risk may be enhanced in the indication acute ischaemic stroke and/or by concomitant treatment with angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Patients treated for any authorised indication should be monitored for angio-oedema during and for up to 24 hours after infusion | Angio-oedema represents the most common hypersensitivity reaction reported with Metalyse 25 mg. This risk may be enhanced in the indication acute ischaemic stroke and/or by concomitant treatment with ACE inhibitors. Patients treated with Metalyse 25 mg should be monitored for angioedema during and for up to 24 hours after administration |
| If a severe hypersensitivity reaction (e.g. angio-oedema) occurs, the infusion should be discontinued, and appropriate treatment promptly initiated. This may include intubation | If a severe hypersensitivity reaction (e.g. angio-oedema) occurs, appropriate treatment should be promptly initiated. This may include intubation |
Paediatric population | |
| There is limited experience with the use of Actilyse in children and adolescents. When Actilyse is considered for the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke in carefully selected adolescents ≥16 years of age the benefit should be weighed carefully against the risks on an individual basis and discussed with the patient and parent/guardian as appropriate. Adolescents ≥16 years of age should be treated according to the instruction in the label for the adult population after imaging by appropriate techniques to rule out stroke mimics and confirming arterial occlusion corresponding to the neurological deficit | Safety and efficacy data in children below 18 years of age are not available for Metalyse 25 mg. Therefore, Metalyse 25 mg is not recommended for use in children below 18 years of age |
| This medicine contains 2.0 mg of polysorbate 20 in each 25 mg vial. Polysorbates may cause allergic reactions. | |
Pregnancy | |
There is a limited amount of data from the use of alteplase in pregnant women Non-clinical studies performed with alteplase in doses higher than human doses exhibited fetal immaturity and/or embryotoxicity, secondary to the known pharmacological activity of the drug. Alteplase is not considered to be teratogenic In cases of an acute life-threatening disease the benefit has to be evaluated against the potential risk | There is a limited amount of data from the use of Metalyse 25 mg in pregnant women Non-clinical data performed with tenecteplase have shown bleeding with secondary mortality of dams due to the known pharmacological activity of the active substance and in a few cases abortion and resorption of the foetus occurred (effects only have been observed with repeated dose administration). Tenecteplase is not considered to be teratogenic The benefit of treatment must be evaluated against the potential risks during pregnancy |
Breast-feeding | |
It is unknown whether alteplase is excreted into human milk and there is insufficient information on the excretion of alteplase in animal milk Caution should be exercised when Actilyse is used for a nursing woman and a decision must be made whether breast-feeding should be discontinued for the first 24 hours after use of Actilyse | It is unknown whether tenecteplase is excreted in human milk Caution should be exercised when Metalyse 25 mg is administered to a nursing woman and a decision must be made whether breast-feeding should be discontinued within the first 24 hours after administration of Metalyse 25 mg |
Summary of Metalyse 25 mg safety profile
Haemorrhage is the most common adverse event associated with the use of Metalyse 25 mg. The type of haemorrhage can be superficial at the injection site or internal at any site or body cavity.1
Intracerebral haemorrhage represents the major adverse reaction in the treatment of AIS (up to 19% of patients without any increase of overall morbidity or mortality).1
The risk of intracranial haemorrhage in patients with AIS may be increased with the use of Metalyse 25 mg.1
A comprehensive list of known adverse reactions can be found in the table below, and in the Summary of Product Characteristics for Metalyse 25 mg.1
Known adverse reactions for Metalyse 25 mg1
| System organ class | Adverse reaction | Frequency grouping |
| Immune system disorders | Anaphylactoid reaction‡ | Rare |
| Nervous system disorders | Intracranial haemorrhage§ | Very common |
| Eye disorders | Eye haemorrhage | Uncommon |
| Cardiac disorders | Pericardial haemorrhage | Rare |
| Vascular disorders | Haemorrhage | Very common |
| Embolism (thrombotic embolisation) | Rare | |
| Respirator, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | Epistaxis | Common |
| Pulmonary haemorrhage | Rare | |
| Gastrointestinal disorders | Gastrointestinal haemorrhage¶ | Common |
| Retroperitoneal haemorrhageǁ | Uncommon | |
| Nausea, vomiting | Not known | |
| Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders | Ecchymosis | Common |
| Renal and urinary disorders | Urogenital haemorrhage** | Common |
| General disorders and administration site conditions | Injection site haemorrhage | Common |
| Puncture site haemorrhage | Common | |
| Investigations | Blood pressure decreased | Rare |
| Body temperature increased | Not known | |
| Injury, poisoning and procedural complications | Fat embolism†† | Not known |
| Surgical and medical procedures | Transfusion | Not known |
Frequency groupings are defined according to the following convention: very common (≥1/10), common (≥1/100 to <1/10), uncommon (≥1/1000 to <1/100), rare (≥1/10000 to <1/1000), very rare (<1/10000), and not known (cannot be estimated from the available data).1
‡
Includes rash, urticaria, bronchospasm, and laryngeal oedema. 1§
Examples include cerebral haemorrhage, cerebral haematoma, haemorrhagic stroke, haemorrhagic transformation stroke, intracranial haematoma, subarachnoid haemorrhage. This includes associated symptoms such as somnolence, aphasia, hemiparesis, or convulsion. 1¶
Such as gastric haemorrhage, gastric ulcer haemorrhage, rectal haemorrhage, haematemesis, melaena, or mouth haemorrhage. 1ǁ
Such as retroperitoneal haematoma. 1**
Such as haematuria, haemorrhage urinary tract. 1††
May lead to corresponding consequences in the organs concerned. 1
Learn more about Metalyse 25 mg
Metalyse 25 mg is indicated in adults for the thrombolytic treatment of acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) within 4.5 hours from last known well and after exclusion of intracranial haemorrhage.1
Actilyse is indicated for the fibrinolytic treatment of acute ischaemic stroke. Treatment must be started as early as possible within 4.5 hours after onset of stroke symptoms and after exclusion of intracranial haemorrhage by appropriate imaging techniques (e.g. cranial computerised tomography or other diagnostic imaging method sensitive for the presence of haemorrhage). The treatment effect is time-dependent; therefore earlier treatment increases the probability of a favourable outcome.2
Abbreviations
ACE: angiotensin-converting-enzyme, AIS: acute ischaemic stroke, ASA: acetylsalicylic acid, BP: blood pressure, CT: computerised tomography, ICH: intracranial haemorrhage, IV: intravenous, mRS: modified Rankin Scale, NIHSS: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale.
References
- Metalyse® 25 mg (tenecteplase) Summary of Product Characteristics.
- Actilyse® (alteplase) Summary of Product Characteristics.
- Menon BK, et al. Lancet. 2022;400:161–169.
- Campbell BCV, et al. N Engl J Med. 2018;378:1573–1582.
- Muir K, et al. Lancet Neurol. 2024;23:1087–1096.
PC-GB-110817 V3 September 2025